zika virus signs and symptoms Transmission and treatment

definition of zika virus 

Zika virus  is a member of the virus family Flaviviridae. It is spread by daytime-active Aedes mosquitoes, such as A. aegypti and A. albopictus

Virology of zika

The infection, known as Zika fever or Zika virus disease, often causes no or only mild symptoms, similar to a very mild form of dengue fever. While there is no specific treatment, paracetamol (acetaminophen) and rest may help with the symptoms Zika can spread from a pregnant woman to her baby. This can result in microcephaly, severe brain malformations, and other birth defects. Zika infections in adults may result rarely in Guillain–Barré syndrome

The Zika virus belongs to the Flaviviridae family and the Flavivirus genus, and is thus related to the dengue, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile viruses. Like other flaviviruses, Zika virus is enveloped and icosahedral and has a nonsegmented, single-stranded, 10 kilobase positive-sense RNA genome. It is most closely related to the Spondweni virus and is one of the two known viruses in the Spondweni virus clade

A positive-sense RNA genome can be directly translated into viral proteins. As in other flaviviruses, such as the similarly sized West Nile virus, the RNA genome encodes seven nonstructural proteins and three structural proteins. One of the structural proteins encapsulates the virus. This protein is the flavivirus envelope glycoprotein, that binds to the endosomal membrane of the host cell to initiate endocytosis. The RNA genome forms a nucleocapsid along with copies of the 12-kDa capsid protein. The nucleocapsid, in turn, is enveloped within a host-derived membrane modified with two viral glycoproteins. Viral genome replication depends on the making of double stranded RNA from the single stranded positive sense RNA (ssRNA(+)) genome followed by transcription and replication to provide viral mRNAs and new ssRNA(+) genomes

Transmission

zika virus are mainly transmit from one to another is 4 common way which are the following 

1. Mosquito

Aedes aegypti predicted distribution

Zika is primarily spread by the female Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is active mostly in the daytime The mosquitos must feed on blood in order to lay eggs.The virus has also been isolated from a number of arboreal mosquito species in                                                                                         the Aedes genus.

2 Sexual

Zika can be transmitted from men and women to their sexual partners; most known cases involve transmission from symptomatic men to women

3 Pregnancy

The Zika virus can spread by vertical (or "mother-to-child") transmission, during pregnancy or at delivery and at can be lead to mutation 

4 Blood transfusion 

zika are transfer from to another through blood transfusion 

 

signs and symptoms of zika 

Many people infected with Zika virus won’t have symptoms or will only have mild symptoms. The most common symptoms of Zika are

Fever
Rash
Headache
Joint pain
Conjunctivitis (red eyes)
Muscle pain

these are most common signs of zika virus 

treatment 

There is no specific medicine or vaccine for Zika virus.