Vaccines for travellers disease protection by Vaccines

what is vaccines 

Vaccination is the administration of agent-specific, but relatively harmless, antigenic
components that in vaccinated individuals can induce protective immunity against the
corresponding infectious agent. In practice, the terms “vaccination” and “immunization”
are often used interchangeably.

Vaccines for travellers are three types which are 

(1) vaccines that are recommended before travel to particular countries or areas;
(2) vaccines required for entry into certain countries; and
(3)basic vaccines used in most national routine programmes, particularly but not exclusively
in children.
Administration of other vaccines will be advised on the basis of a travel risk assessment
for the individual traveller. In deciding which vaccines would be appropriate,
the following factors are to be considered for each vaccine:
– risk of exposure to the disease
– age, health status, vaccination history of the traveller
– reactions to previous vaccine doses, allergies
– risk of infecting others
Travel-related vaccination
Category Rationale for vaccination Vaccine
1. Travel-related
vaccines
These vaccines are recommended to provide protection against diseases endemic to the country of
origin or of destination They are intended to protect travellers and to prevent disease spread within
and between countries.
most common disease in  travelling
1.Cholera
2.Hepatitis A and/or E
3.Japanese encephalitis
4.Meningococcal
5.Polio (adult booster dose)
6.Typhoid fever
7.Yellow fever
8.Rabies
9.Tick-borne encephalitis
2. Required vaccines
Some countries require proof of vaccination for travellers to enter the country.
Polio vaccine
Yellow fever vaccine
Meningococcal vaccine
3. Routine vaccines
These vaccines are not specific to travellers, but the pre-travel consultation is a good
opportunity for health care providers to review the Diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis
Hepatitis B
Haemophilus influenzae type b
Human papillomavirus
immunization status of infants,children, adolescents and adults.Influenza (seasonal)
Measles, mumps and rubella Pneumococcal Polio Rotavirus Tuberculosis Varicella